What distinguishes conformity from compliance?

The distinction between conformity and compliance is fundamentally based on the nature of the behavior change in relation to social influence. When we consider conformity, it represents a shift in behavior or beliefs to align with the norms and expectations of a group. This process often occurs as individuals internalize the standards of the group, leading to a more lasting change in behavior as they adopt the group's values as their own.

On the other hand, compliance specifically refers to a situation where an individual changes their behavior in response to a direct request from another person or group, without necessarily adopting the beliefs or norms of that group. Compliance can occur even when the individual does not agree with the request, and the change in behavior may only be temporary or superficial.

Thus, the correct distinction highlights that conformity involves a deeper, often internalized change to match group norms, while compliance is a more external response to a direct request, regardless of personal agreement with that request.