What does the term 'in-group' refer to in social psychology?

The term 'in-group' in social psychology refers to a social group to which an individual belongs. This concept is central to understanding social identity and group dynamics. Individuals often derive a sense of identity and belonging from their in-group, which can influence their self-esteem, behavior, and attitudes toward others.

In-group members typically share common characteristics, such as values, beliefs, or goals, which foster bonds and solidarity. This connection can lead to a sense of loyalty and positive feelings towards fellow in-group members, often contrasting with perceptions of out-group members, who do not share these characteristics. The strength of in-group identification can significantly impact interactions and relationships between different groups in society.

Understanding this concept is crucial for exploring themes such as prejudice, discrimination, and group behavior, which are important in the field of applied psychology and social practice.