What is the meaning of group polarization?

Group polarization refers to the phenomenon where group discussions lead to the enhancement or amplification of the dominant or extreme viewpoints within the group. This occurs as members of a group share their opinions and arguments, often reinforcing one another's beliefs and leading to a collective shift towards a more extreme position than any member would typically hold individually.

The process is influenced by several factors, including social comparison, where individuals adjust their views to align more closely with the perceived group norm, and persuasive arguments, which can sway group members towards more extreme conclusions. As a result, after discussing an issue, members may adopt more radical stances than they initially held prior to the group's interaction.

This concept is particularly important in understanding how groups can make decisions that may deviate significantly from rational or balanced considerations, as the pressure to conform and the desire for cohesion can overshadow critical thinking and a comprehensive evaluation of all viewpoints.